农地经营权流转价格扭曲的政府干预效应 ——基于边际价格理论的实证分析

研究目的：考察政府不同干预行为对农地经营权流转价格扭曲的影响效应，为完善农地生产要素配置及优化农地市场内外环境等提供政策建议。研究方法： Binary Logistic模型。研究结果：（1）当前农地经营权流转价格本应反映承包地利用产生的经济效益，由土地要素投入产出品的边际收益价值所决定；但受市场机制不完善、乡土伦理规范等多重影响，农地实际流转价格与要素价格间产生差异，表现为农地经营权流转价格扭曲。（2）政府不同的干预行为对农地经营权流转价格扭曲产生差异化效应。政府主导流转的直接干预模式会引起流转价格的高价扭曲，而通过构建流转交易平台、提供补贴等政策间接干预会缓解流转价格的低价扭曲。（3）对土地的经济诉求和保障诉求是造成流转价格扭曲的重要原因。研究结论：农地经营权流转价格的形成应交予市场，政府应避免直接干预造成价格的人为扭曲，可通过土地流转中介组织或补贴政策来间接培育优化农地市场交易环境。

Effect of Government Intervention in the Price Distortion of the Transfer of Farmland Management Rights: Empirical Analysis Based on Marginal Price Theory

The purposes of this study are to explore the effects of different kinds of government intervention on the distortion of transfer price, and to provide policy recommendations for improving the allocation of farmland productive factors and optimizing the internal and external environment of the farmland market. The research method of Binary Logistic model is used. The research results show that: 1) the current transfer price of farmland management rights should reflect the economic benefits generated by using contracted land, which is determined by the marginal income value of the input-output products of land factors. However, it is subject to imperfect market mechanisms and local ethical norms. Thus, there is a difference between the actual transfer price of farmland and the price of factors, manifested as a distortion of the transfer price. 2) Different kinds of government intervention have a differential effect on the distortion of transfer prices. The direct intervention model of government-led transfer causes high-price distortion. Indirect intervention methods, such as building a trading platform, providing subsidies and other policies alleviate the low-price distortion. 3) The economic demand and guarantee demand on land are important reasons for the distortion of transfer prices. In conclusion, the formation of farmland transfer prices should hinge on the market mechanism, and the government should avoid direct intervention to cause price distortion, and indirectly cultivate and optimize the farmland market trading environment through land transfer intermediary organizations or subsidy policies.