服务投入与中国农业劳动生产率的追赶进程--对中国农业劳动生产率阶段性特征的新解释

长期以来，中国农业劳动生产率严重滞后于国际先进水平。文章对我国农业劳动生产率相对于美国的追赶进程进行了分阶段的分析，基于增长核算框架着重分析了服务投入在其中所发挥的作用。研究发现，我国农业劳动生产率在1995－2003年期间对美国的追赶效应明显，但服务投入密度提高的贡献相对偏小。我国农业劳动生产率在2003－2009年期间对美国的追赶效应更加明显，但服务投入密度相对偏低的贡献反而拖累了追赶进程。服务投入的内部结构分析显示，我国农业服务投入的发展滞后基本上是全方位的。进一步提高我国农业劳动生产率，缩小与国际先进水平的发展差距，需要充分认识到服务投入的重要性。解决我国农业服务投入发展滞后的问题需要在农业金融、农业保险、农业营销、农业物流、农业“互联网＋”和农业机械融资租赁服务等方面予以改进。

Services Input and the Catching-up Process of Agricultural Labor Productivity in China:A New Explanation of Periodical Characteristics of Agricultural Labor Productivity

China has been lagging behind leading countries in terms of agricultural labor proG ductivity for a long time.This paper analyzes the catching??U.S.??up process of agricultural labor productivity of China in two stages and focuses on the role of services input in the catching??up process based on a growth accounting framework.It finds that the catching??U.S.??up effect experiG enced by agricultural labor productivity of China is obvious during the period from 1995 to 2003, but the contribution resulting from the increase in the density of services input is relatively small.And the catching??U.S.??up effect experienced by agricultural labor productivity of China is even more obvious during the period from 2003 to 2009,but the relatively low conG tribution resulting from the density of services input drags the catching??up process instead. The internal structure analysis of services input indicates that the development of services input in agriculture lags behind omnidirectionally.It is essential to fully realize the imporG tance of services input in order to further improve China’s agricultural labor productivity and narrow the development gap between China and leading countries.The solution to the lagging??behind development of China’s services input in agriculture lies in the improveG ment of agricultural finance,agricultural insurance,agricultural marketing,agricultural loG gistics,agricultural “Internet Plus”,the financing lease of agricultural machineries,etc.