黑龙江省国有林区林业产业链产业共生关系研究

从理论角度解读了黑龙江省国有林区林业产业链产业共生关系的经济实质以及林业产业共生系统的构成与运行,结合共生度与共生系数模型实证分析了黑龙江省国有林区林业产业链产业共生关系。结果表明:2004—2017年黑龙江省国有林区林业产业链产业共生关系处于不稳定的非对称互利共生状态,但整体呈现由非对称逐步向对称互利共生进化态势,而且林业上游产业对下游产业发展的影响更大,黑龙江省国有林区林业产业转型对产业结构升级是有一定效果的。因此,提出努力优化共生单元,积极改善共生环境等建议。

Study on the Symbiotic Relationship of Forestry Industry in State-owned Forest Regions of Heilongjiang Based on Industrial Chain

⑴ Background——With the development of the construction of ecological civilization,higher requirements are put forward for the development of the forestry industry,and carrying out multi-angle,multi-method and deeper research on the development of the forestry industry is in an urgent need.Therefore,by using the industrial chain and symbiosis theory(IS)this article aims to explore the symbiotic relationship of the forestry industry in the state-owned forest area of Heilongjiang Province,and to provide new ideas for the sustainable development of the forestry industry.⑵ Methods——From the theoretical point of view,this paper applies IS to qualitatively explain the economic essence of the symbiotic relationship of forestry industry based on industrial chain in the state-owned forest region of Heilongjiang Province,and the composition and operation of the symbiotic system of forestry industry.Combined with the symbiosis degree and symbiosis coefficient model,using the relevant data of China forestry statistical yearbook 2004-2017,this paper empirically analyzes the symbiosis relationship of forest industry in state-owned forest region of Heilongjiang Province.⑶ Results——The symbiosis system of forestry industry mainly consists of symbiosis unit,symbiosis mode and symbiosis environment.The resource chain,value chain,ecological chain and information chain have become the bridge or link for the symbiosis between the upstream industry and the downstream industry of forestry.The empirical results show that:①δxy≠δyx>0,indicates that the symbiosis of state-owned forest industry in Heilongjiang Province is in an asymmetric and mutually beneficial state.In particular,2015 and 2017 are close to a state of symmetry and mutual benefit,mainly due to the transformation of the forestry industry and the development of the successor industry.②θx>θy shows that the development of the upstream forestry industry has a greater positive impact on the development of the downstream industry,among which there is a large gap between the two in 2004,2009,2010 and 2012,indicating that forest production greatly promotes the development of wood and non-wood forest products processing industry and tourism industry,but the reverse impact is small.In 2006,2007 and 2011,there is a small gap between the two,which shows that the development of processing industry and forest tourism industry is also actively promoting the development of upstream forestry industries such as forest production and under forest economy.③The symbiosis coefficients from 2004 to 2017 present a wave-like curve with different amplitudes,which demonstrates the instability of the symbiosis,and the degree of interaction between upstream and downstream industries of forestry is highly uncertain,which is closely related to the change of symbiotic environment.The trend line of the symbiosis coefficient shows that the symbiosis coefficient gradually tends to 0.5,indicating that the forestry industry has gradually evolved from asymmetry to symbiosis,indicating that the transformation of the forestry industry are effective.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——The evolution of symbiotic system in forestry industry to symmetrical and mutually beneficial symbiosis depends on the development of symbiotic units and the promotion of favorable symbiotic environment.Therefore,efforts should be made not only to realize the transformation and optimization of symbiotic units,but also improve the local forestry support policies and form the market information feedback mechanism,so as to build a good soft environment.