WTO规则下的中国工业经济

拥有21％世界人口的中国,作为一个高度统一的国家进入工业化的高速增长时期,必然产生许人类历史上从未出现过的现象和问题,在主要由发达国家所构造的世界经济秩序中,阻碍劳动力国际流动是合法的,而阻碍在国内地区间的流动则是不合法,这迫使中国只得依赖低价工业品生产和出口来实现经济资源的国际配置,所以,依靠价格优势和进行“价格大战”是中国现阶段工业化进程中难以避免的历史性现象和必然过程,加入WTO后,中国工业化的“价廉物美”现象,必将以更快的速度向国际化的方向扩展,中国工业化过程中的地区差距将表现是非常突出。这是因为,中国不可能像其他工业化国际那样把工业化过程中的经济不平衡问题外化成国际现象,而且,在中国工业化进程中,一个巨大国家之内的地区差异成为导致“重复建设”的重要原因之一。中国拥有巨大人口,国土和地区差异,使得中国政府管理经济的“工作量”是世界上任何其他国家的政府所不可相比的,WTO的规则首先是对政府行为的规范,而规范政府行为包括两方面的要求：一是缔约方的政府承诺遵守WTO规则,并且在实践中履行所作的承诺;二是缔约方的（中央）政府要能够保土本国的各经济行为人（包括地方政府）都遵守WTO规则。这是对中国政策管理经济的能力的一个很大挑战。

China's Industrial Economy under the WTO Regulations

China, as a highly unified country entering a rapid growth period with a population of 21 per cent of that of the total world, is bound to appear phenomenon and problems which have never happened in human history. In the world economic order structured by developed countries, hindering international labor flow is legal, while hindering national labor flow is illegal. This makes China have no alternative to rely on low cost of products and low price of exports in order to realize international allocation of economic resources. So relying on price superiority and "price competition" are historical phenomenon and inevitable process which are impossible to avoid during the process of China's industrialization. After WTO entrance, the phenomenon of "good and inexpensive" of China-made products will be inevitably faster extended. The regional gap between China's areas will be lager during the process of China's industrialization. The reason is that China would not take the economic unbalance usually emerged during the process of industrialization in industrialized countries into international phenomenon. Moreover, regional gap in the country with a vast territory leads to one of key reasons for duplicate projects of construction during China's industrialization. The "vast work" created by large population, tremendous gap between its territory and regions for Chinese government to manage its economy is incomparable with any other governments in the world. The regulations of WTO are rules for government action, including two requirements: first, signatory government to the treaty promises to undertake WTO regulations and to fulfill promises in practice; second, signatory government (central) is able to guarantee all peopler elated to economic action in the country (including local governments) follow WTO regulations. This is a great challenge for the economic management competence of China's government.