中国服务出口比较优势与出口结构的变化——基于显示性比较优势指数的实证分析

20世纪80年代以来,中国服务出口有了长足的发展,在全球的位次也大大提升。但是,以改良的显示性比较优势指数为基础的分析表明,中国的服务出口在整体上仍然不具备比较优势。具体观察各个服务部门可以发现,旅游服务的比较优势有较大提高,运输服务从具有比较优势变为不具有比较优势,其他服务虽然处于劣势地位,但这种劣势在不断减弱。从出口结构来看,中国服务出口从80年代的以运输服务为主转变为目前的以旅游服务为主,运输服务的出口比重迅速下降,而旅游服务的出口比重则大幅提高。

The Change of Comparative Advantages and Export Structure of Chinese Service——A RCA-based Empirical Analysis

Since 1980s,China's export in service has been developing dramatically,and its rank in the world increased quickly as well.However,analysis based on improved RCA suggests that Chinese service,as a whole still hasn't comparative advantage.An observation the specific service sectors based on RSCA reveals travel service has been becoming more comparative while transportation service has lost its comparative advantage over the observation period,and the disadvantage of other services has been decreasing.The export structure analysis based on RMCA shows China's service export structure has evolved from transportation-dominated to travel-dominated with the share of transportation service decreasing heavily and that of travel service increasing dramatically.Meanwhile the share of other services has been increasing over the observation period.