西部地区土地整理生态评价 --以甘肃省酒泉市为例

论文结合西部地区的生态环境特征，针对土地整理实施过程中可能遇到的问题，以甘肃省酒泉市为例，选取坡度、地下水位、土壤盐渍状况、土壤有机质含量作为评价因子，借助地理信息系统(GIS)技术，利用评价模型，对研究区进行土地整理生态评价，并根据评价结果提出相应的土地整理方向和措施。生态评价综合分值在80—100之间的耕地应被划为基本农田保护区，其土地整理措施主要是进一步完善农田水利设施，改善作物品种，提高农作物的品质；非天然林的林地整理应考虑向经济林发展，发展特色林果业；未利用地可作为耕地的后备资源进行有计划开发。分值在65—80之间的耕地应划为农田保护区，整理措施应注意农田防护林和水土保持措施的设计；林草地整理措施则要防止林草地退化，适当发展经济林；未利用地在不破坏生态环境的前提下可适度开垦为耕地。分值在50—65之间的耕地应在有条件的情况下逐步进行生态退耕，防止耕地沙化以及加强水土保持措施；未利用地整理措施主要是保持原有植被，提高植被覆盖率。分值为0—50的耕地必须实行生态退耕还林还草的整理措施。注重林草地保护和提高植被覆盖率；未利用地保持原状不能开垦为耕地。

ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION FOR LAND CONSOLIDATION IN WESTERN CHINA--A CASE STUDY OF JIUQUAN

To resolve the land use issues and realize sustainable land use in Western China, carrying out land consolidation (LC) is essential. Combining with the characteristics of ecological environment and aiming at the practical problems will be encountered in the process of conducting LC, Jiuquan city in Cansu province is taken as an example to study ecological evaluation for LC. Basing on geographical information system (GIS), some factors such as slope degree, water table height, soil salinization situation and soil organic matter content are chosen to carry out evaluation. Henceforth, corresponding countermeasures are put forward according to the evaluation result. Cultivated land with values ranging from 80 to 100 should be classified as protected area of basic agricultural land, its consolidation measures would be improving its irrigation works and crop quality further; artificial woodland with the same values could be planted fruit trees and developed special fruit products of locality; and unused land with corresponding values could be reserved resources of cultivated land for reasonable development. The influencing factors of land with values ranging from 65 to 80 are water table height and soil salinization situation, that of land with values ranging from 50 to 65 are slope degree, water table height and soil organic matter content, and that of land with values less than 50 are slope degree and soil salinization situation.