和谐社会背景下农民工的社会适应问题研究

随着我国城市化、工业化步伐的加快,数以亿计的农村剩余劳动力迁移到城市.如何让这些农民工成功融入城市,成为城市的一员,已经成为各个学科研究的热点,很多学者从社会排斥的角度探讨了农民工如何被城市排斥问题.笔者认为,农民工成功融入城市的关键是如何适应的问题,包括职业适应、生活适应、人际关系适应、心理适应等,而影响农民工社会适应的因素主要包括制度障碍、文化障碍、社会排斥,以及农民工自身文化素质低、维权意识能力弱、行为修养不得体等,因此需要从国家、城市、农民工三个方面入手加以解决.

Research into social adaptation of peasant-worker under the background of harmonious society

With the accelerating of urbanization and industrialization, millions of surplus peasants move to cities for working. How to let these peasant-workers integrate into cities and become members of cities has become a hot topic for all fields of studies and many scholars make studies on how peasant-workers are excluded from cities from the angle of social exclusion. The author thinks that the key for peasant-workers to successfully integrate into cities is how to adapt the living of cities, including professional adaptation, living adaptation, public relation adaptation, psychological adaptation, and so on. However, the factors that influence the adaptation of peasant-worker mainly include institutional barrier, cultural barrier, social exclusion, as well as low cultural quality, weak right protection consciousness, improper behavior and attainment and so on. Thus, the adaptation of peasant-worker can be solved from such three perspectives as national level, urban level and peasant-worker level.