多渠道、多方式促进科研成果向生产转移——国外石油企业实践经验的总结与认识

科研成果的产业化是石油企业研发的最终目的,但由于石油科技成果存在内涵复杂、可表达性差等障碍,限制了科研成果的转移。为此,国外大型石油企业采用了多种方式促进科技成果转化和技术的商业化,主要方式包括:对技术创新活动采用了从研发到应用的一体化组织,技术管理涵盖从前期研究到技术商业化应用的全过程,技术的商品化成为研发的重要组成部分,跨学科和部门的技术人员共同参与技术研发,公司内部科研人员与生产等其他部门人员定期轮岗,利用内部网络、各种技术交流和培训等方式及时交流与共享技术发展与推广应用信息。实践表明,建立多形式、多层次的科研与生产的直接联系,是实现科研成果转化的关键。

Multiple approaches to applying the results of scientific research to production——Summary of the Experience of Foreign Oil Enterprises

The ultimate step in productive investment by oil enterprises is applying the results of scientific research to production;however,complexity and poor feasibility limit the applicability of those results to oil.As a result large foreign oil enterprises have adopted a number of approaches to promote the conversion of technology to oil and commercialization of those conversions.Those approaches mainly include:adoption of integrated management from development to application in technological innovation activities;extending technical management over the whole process from early research to commercialization of technology to form an important part of research and development;participation by technical personnel from many disciplines or departments in technical research and development;periodic rotation of internal scientific research personnel and personnel from other departments such as production;timely exchange and sharing of technical developments and popularizations by means of an internal network,technical exchange and training,etc.Practice demonstrates that to convert to productive deployment the results of scientific research,direct links need to be established between scientific research and production in many forms and at many levels.