种养结合的农业生态循环模式探析

改革开放以来,中国城镇化的持续较快发展取得了巨大成就,也带来日趋严重的“城市病”和“乡村病”,乡村众多青壮年为寻求更高的待遇离开农村往城市发展,而老龄化的进程使老一辈农民没有能力再进行耕作,大量土地废弃的“人地关系”失衡现象,造成生态环境的破坏和资源的极大浪费。要破解这种矛盾,必须实施“乡村振兴战略”,而改善乡村生态环境是实现生态宜居和乡村振兴的重要内容。乡村振兴,首先是农业振兴,为使农村资源合理利用,进而推动城乡资源合理流动,激活乡村活力,提出“种养结合的农业生态循环模式”,探讨通过优化种植养殖用地、生产生活方式的转变来进行乡村生态环境的改善,以期为未来各地区建设生态环境友好型新乡村规划设计的可持续发展提供参考。

Analysis on the Agricultural Ecological Cycle Model of Planting and Farming Combination

Since the reform and opening up,China's continuous and rapid development of urbanization has made great achievements,and it has brought increasingly serious"urban diseases"and"rural diseases".Many young people in the countryside have left the countryside for urban development in order to seek higher treatment.However,the aging process has made the older generation of farmers incapable of further farming,and the imbalance of"land-to-land relations"caused by the abandonment of large amounts of land has caused the destruction of the ecological environment and the great waste of resources.To resolve this contradiction,we must implement the"village revitalization strategy",and improving the rural ecological environment is an important part of achieving ecological livability and rural revitalization.The revitalization of the countryside is first of all the revitalization of agriculture.In order to make rational use of rural resources,and then promote the rational flow of urban and rural resources,and activate the vitality of rural areas,the"agricultural ecological cycle model combining planting and breeding"is proposed,and changes in the cultivation and breeding land,production and lifestyle are optimized to improve the rural ecological environment,with a view to providing a reference for the sustainable development of the planning and design of ecologically-friendly new villages in various regions in the future.