A proposal for a more objective measure of de facto constitutional constraints |
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| Authors: | Moshe Yanovskiy Tim Ginker |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Shomron Center for Economic Policy Research,Karney Shomron,Israel;2.Center for Political Economy and Regional Development,Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy,Moscow,Russia;3.Bar-Ilan University,Ramat Gan,Israel |
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| Abstract: | In this paper we propose two new indicators of de facto constitutional constraints. The indicators are based on the presence or the absence of easily observable political events. This makes the proposed measures relatively objective and easy to verify relative to the most widely used indicators of de jure and de facto constitutions. This paper describes the indicators and demonstrates their usefulness for research on economic development. |
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