区域农业水土资源利用分区指标体系建设方案——以西北旱区为例

针对现有的农业水土资源利用评价中将农业水、土资源视为独立系统分别进行研究容易导致无法正确评价区域水土资源匹配状况的问题,文章以西北旱区为例,将农业水、土资源作为一个整体系统,以区划方法和地带性分异规律为指导,在充分考虑水土资源生态与环境现状、管理及趋势的基础上,分析确定分区目标、分区单元、指标选取原则的基础上,以县域作为基本分区单元,提出了一套从大尺度、中等尺度到小尺度,由目标层、准则层、因素层、元素层组成的等级嵌套的农业水土资源利用分区指标体系,并对西北旱区一级分区指标进行了信度分析与制图实践。结果表明,标准化后的数据具有相当好的可信度,该指标体系能较为全面地反映不同尺度西北旱区农业水土资源利用系统的空间分异特征、时空量比关系和需求状况,具有良好的普适性,可为较大尺度范围内开展区域农业水土资源利用分区提供指标方法,也对农业水土资源的充分利用提供分区指导。

REGIONALIZATION INDEX SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL LAND AND WATER RESOURCES UTILIZATION---A CASE STUDY OF NORTHWEST ARID AREA

In current studies it is hard to make correct evaluation on the agricultural land and water resources utilization if taking land resource and water resource system as two separate systems. Therefore, quantifying and understanding the coupling development status of this system is crucial to promote a healthy environment for agricultural land and water resources utilization. Taking northwest China as an example, this paper established a regionalization index system of agricultural land resource and water resource system based on the regionalization method and the zonal differentiation rule. It covered four top-down structured hierarchical levels: target layer, criteria layer, factor layer and the element layer. Subsequently, reliability analysis for the 1st-level indicators value was conducted. The results showed that the full-scale index system can reflect the basic natural similarity and disparity of agriculture systems at the microscopic scale, regional resources attributes and efficient utilization characteristic at the medium scale, and the impact of human activities on agricultural land and water resources at the macroscopic scale. Furthermore, the index system can comprehensively reflect various influences of indicators in different scales, such as the spatial differentiation, spatio-temporal quantity ratio, and supply-demand relationship. Simultaneously, it had very good credibility when the original index value was standardized. It demonstrated that the regionalization index system of agricultural land and water resources utilization was comprehensive, concise and applicable, which can be used to reliably assess the local agricultural land and water resources utilization at large-scale level, such as the northwest arid area. It can provide scientific basis and reference for further regionalization studies.