论国土空间规划中自然保护地规划之定位

面对自然保护地规划作为国土空间专项规划的新要求,在分析国土空间规划、自然保护地体系、生态文明制度建设等相关概念的基础上,从5个方面讨论国土空间规划中自然保护地规划的定位。在功能定位方面,自然保护地规划是以自然保护为首要目标的专项规划;在层次定位方面,自然保护地规划是贯穿国土空间规划三级体系的专项规划;在时序定位方面,自然保护地规划是在国家和省域2个层面前置的专项规划;在地类定位方面,自然保护地规划存在新设一类“生态用地”的需求;在法定地位方面,自然保护地规划需在自身法律体系、国土空间规划法律体系和相关既有自然资源法律体系等3个层面明确法律保障。

On the Positioning of Protected Area Planning in National Spatial Planning

Facing the new demand of protected area planning as one of the special planning of national space, the paper analyzes the relationships among the concepts of national spatial planning, protect area system, and ecological civilization. Based on the conceptual summarization, the paper discusses the positioning of protected area planning in the national special planning in five aspects. In terms of functional positioning, the planning of protected areas is a special plan with the primary goal of nature conservation. In terms of hierarchical positioning, the protected areas planning is a special plan through the three-level system of the national special planning. In terms of time sequence positioning, the planning of protected area is an advanced special planning at the national and provincial levels. In terms of land-use category positioning, there is a need to establish a new type of "ecological land" in the planning of national special planning. At last but not least, in terms of legal status, the planning of protected areas needs to clarify the legal guarantee at three aspects: its own legal system, the national special planning legal system, and the legal system of related existing natural resources.