合作教育缺失与中国农村合作经济组织的发展困境

农民合作社是一种“人的结合”而非“资本结合”自治性组织，因而合作经济最终行为主体——农民的合作意识和合作文化素养对于合作社发展壮大有着举足轻重的作用。文章基于全国对合作社较为发达5省问卷调研发现，农村合作知识的缺乏及合作教育缺失，是农民对合作制度产生低认同度一个重要原因。基于此，政府应在明晰合作教育对象的基础上，学习国外发达国家经验，大力发展合作教育，一方面。推行学校的合作教育，即体制内一些高校设立合作经济专业或课程；另一方面，体制外可以针对不同施教对象采取灵活多样的社会化培训方式来进行合作教育。为合作经济可持续发展提供源源不断的人才支撑。否则，中国的农村合作事业极有可能还是在“发展难”与“难发展”怪圈中循环，已有的农民合作经济组织仍会是一种缺少灵魂的“空壳”。

The Lack of Cooperation Education and the Development hardship of Chinese Rural Cooperative Economic Organizations

Peasant Cooperative Organization is an autonomous organization based on combination of people instead of capital. Therefore, as the main body of cooperative economy, the cooperative consciousness and cultural accomplishment of peasants have an important role in the development of cooperative organization. Founded on the questionnaire study of cooperative organization in the 5 relatively developed provinces, the author found out that the lack of cooperative knowledge and education is the main reason for the low identification with cooperative system of peasants. To resolve this problem, the government should clarify the education object, learn from foreign advanced experience and improve the cooperative education. There are two ways of the cooperative education. One is to set up cooperative economy major or courses in higher education universities. The other is to adopt diversified training methods in society. By doing these, there will be lots of talents in this field. Otherwise, the Chinese rural cooperative project would get into the wizard cycle and the existing peasant cooperation organization would become a hollow hull.