宋代苏南地区人地矛盾及其引发的农业生态环境问题

文章对两宋时期苏南人地关系演变情况进行了探究。总体而论,在北宋前期,苏南随着人口的增加,农业经济获得迅速恢复和发展,人地关系也较为和谐。然而自北宋中期,缘于人口续增给耕地带来的压力,人们盲目开山围水垦田,以及为便利漕粮运输筑建吴江挽路长堤等造成积水之患,苏南人地矛盾开始凸显并日趋尖锐化,以致农业生态环境日坏,水旱灾害加剧,既制约了苏南人口的发展,又使苏、常二府粮食生产遭受重大波折。

On the Contradiction Between Population and Farmland in Sunan Region of Song Dynasty and the Problem of Agricultural Ecologyical Problem

The article is about the change of the relation between population and farmland in Sunan re- gion in Song Dynasty. On the whole, with the increase of population, the agricultural economy developed very fast and the relation between population and farmland was harmonious as well in Sunan before the middle peri- od of Bei Song Dynasty. But, from the middle period of Bei Song Dynasty, due to the fast continuing increase of population and the shortage of farmland as well as the blocking of waterway caused by th...