企业低碳技术研发模式的比较--基于斯塔克尔伯格产量竞争的研究

封闭经济中有一个领导企业和多个跟随企业，且领导企业低碳技术自主研发效率较高，可选择的研发模式有研发竞争与研发合作。通过构建研发竞争与研发合作下政府设定碳税税率、企业确定研发水平和产量水平的博弈模型，比较研发竞争与研发合作下净碳排放总量、企业利润和国家福利变化，发现较之于研发竞争，若自主研发成果不能在企业之间溢出，研发合作下净碳排放总量、企业利润和国家福利均不会发生变化；若自主研发成果可以在企业之间溢出，研发合作下净碳排放总量较多、领导企业利润较低、国家福利较高，跟随企业利润是否会下降要视跟随企业数目和自主研发效率、自主研发成果溢出率而定。

The Comparison of Enterprise Environmental R & D Mode---Based on the Study of Stackelberg Production Competition

Considering an autarky comprised of a leading firm and several following firms, and the leader have higher effi-ciency of environmental R&D. All these firms can choose to compete or cooperate in environmental R&D. Two game models are constructed where the government sets carbon tax rate, firms decide environmental R&D levels and production. With equi-libriums of these models, total amount of net carbon emission, profits and welfares are compared between these models. It's found that if there is no environmental R&D spillover, total amount of net carbon emission, profits of the leader and followers and welfare under the organization of R&D cooperation are the same as under the organization of R&D competition. However, if there is environmental R&D spillover, total amount of net carbon emission, profit of the leader and welfare under the orga-nization of R&D cooperation are much less than under the organization of R&D competition, whether profits of followers under the organization of R&D cooperation are much less than under the organization of R&D competition depends on the amount and efficiency of environmental R&D of followers and spillover.