连锁股东与企业税收规避

本文以2010-2021 年中国中小上市公司为研究对象，系统考察连锁股东对中小企业税收规避行为的影响机理。研究发现，连锁股东会提高中小企业的税收规避程度，体现为资源整合、信息驱动两大机制。动机识别检验表明，中小企业连锁股东增加企业税收规避的动机主要源于客观存在的融资约束。从企业特征来看，当企业的偿债能力、经营能力较弱时，连锁股东对中小企业税收规避的影响更为明显；非国有中小企业连锁股东对企业避税活动的影响作用更加强烈。从外部环境特征来看，当企业面临的外部环境不确定性较高时，连锁股东会加剧中小企业税收规避行为；减税降费政策实施前，连锁股东对中小企业税收规避行为产生了更为显著的影响。经济后果检验表明，连锁股东、企业税收规避的合力驱动有助于促进中小企业高质量发展，为更好地践行中国式现代化创造了条件。

Chain Shareholders and Corporate Tax Evasion:Empirical Evidence from Small and Medium-Sized Listed Companies

This paper takes small and medium-sized listed companies in China from 2010 to 2021 as the research object, and systematically examines the mechanism of the influence of chain shareholders on the tax evasion behavior of small and medium-sized enterprises. It is found that chain shareholders will improve the tax evasion degree of small and medium-size enterprises, which is reflected in two mechanisms: resource integration and information driving. The motivation identification test shows that the motivation of chain shareholders to increase corporate tax evasion is mainly due to the objective financing constraints. From the perspective of enterprise characteristics, when the solvency or operation ability of enterprises is weak, the influence of chain shareholders on the tax evasion of small and medium-sized enterprises is more obvious. The influence of chain shareholders on corporate tax avoidance activities in non-state-owned small and medium-sized enterprises is more intense. From the characteristics of external environment, when the external environment uncertainty is high, the chain shareholders will intensify the tax evasion behavior of small and medium-sized enterprises. Before the implementation of the tax reduction and fee reduction policy, chain shareholders have a more significant impact on the tax evasion behavior of small and medium-sized enterprises. The economic consequence test shows that the joint drive of chain shareholders and enterprise tax evasion helps to promote the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and creates conditions for better practice of Chinese-style modernization.