城市商业银行持续发展的内外部制约因素解读

较弱的自身实力和非完全市场化的外部环境,是城市商业银行发展面临的内外部制约因素。其中,内部制约因素表现为:有效资本补充机制缺失;处置不良资产手段有限;金融创新能力弱,赢利来源单一;信息化不均衡,整体水平不高;金融人才缺乏,风险管理水平低下;管理体制不协调,治理结构不健全;市场定位不明确,发展方向模糊。外部制约因素表现为:加息呼声高涨,经营压力骤升;人民币频频升值,外汇流动性风险凸显;利率逐步市场化,利率风险放大;资本市场日益繁荣,资金与客户分流加剧;区域经济不平衡,行业两极化严重;整体规模偏小,抗风险能力不强;金融政策不平等,发展后继乏力;外资银行涌入,市场份额下滑;银行业改革深入,行业竞争激烈。文末,分别从城市商业银行、中央主管部门、地方政府与中小企业四个层面给出简要对策。

Analysis of Inside and Exterior Restrictive Factors in the City Commercial Bank's Sustainable Development

The weak self-strength and non-marketing exterior environment are two restrictive factors in the city commercial bank's development.Thereinto,the inside restrictive factors are following: the lack of efficient capital replenishment system;the finite method of disposing ill capital;the weak financial innovation and simplex profit source;the disequilibrium of informationization and low total level;the sort of financial talents and low level of risk management;the disharmonious management system and non-perfect corporate governance;the ambiguous market positioning and development trend.The exterior restrictive factors are following: the rate hike increases operational pressure;the RMB appreciation adds exchange liquidity risk;the marketization of interest rate enlarge interest rate;the development of capital market leads to capital and client diversion;the imbalance regional economy causes bank polarization;the small total scale induces weak risk resistance capacity;the inequality financial policy hinds bank's development;the swarming foreign capital bank and deepening banking reform make competition fierce.Finally,we give out the countermeasures respectively from angle of city commercial bank,central government,local government and small and medium enterprises.