普惠金融对不同群体就业的影响研究——基于世界银行全球普惠金融调查数据

普惠金融的发展对促发展、稳就业、保民生具有非常重要的意义.考虑到非正规金融服务是对普惠金融的一项重要补充,本文基于2014年与2017年世界银行全球普惠金融调查数据,实证分析了正规金融服务与非正规金融服务对不同群体就业的异质性影响.研究结果表明:①在青年群体中,正规账户服务、正规储蓄服务和正规信贷金融服务对就业具有显著的促进作用;②相比于城镇群体,正规信贷服务和数字金融服务对农村群体就业的促进作用并不显著;③非正规信贷服务对不同群体的就业具有显著的促进作用.在考虑了更换就业、普惠金融的代理指标,采用不同年份的样本及采用倾向得分匹配法来减少样本选择性偏误等内生性问题后,结果依然稳健.最后,指出要积极推进普惠金融服务的广度和深度,加大普惠金融服务对不同群体就业的拉动作用.

Influence of Inclusive Finance to Different Groups of Employees: Based on the Data of the World Bank Global Inclusive Finance Survey

The development of inclusive finance is of great significance for promoting development, stabilizing employment and protecting people"s livelihood. Considering that informal financial services are an important complement to inclusive finance, this paper analyzes the heterogeneous effects of formal and informal financial services on the employment of different groups, based on data from the 2014 and 2017 World Bank Global Financial Inclusion Survey. (1) Among youth groups, formal account services, formal savings services and formal credit financial services have a significant employment-enhancing effect. (2) Formal credit services and digital financial services do not contribute significantly to employment for rural groups compared to urban groups. (3) Informal credit services have a significant contribution to the employment of different groups. The results remain robust after taking into account proxy indicators for employment replacement, inclusive finance, the use of samples from different years and endogenous problems such as propensity score matching to reduce sample selectivity bias. Finally, it is proposed to actively promote the breadth and depth of inclusive financial services and to increase the pulling effect of inclusive financial services on the employment of different groups.