超越要素价格扭曲的新 “外向型”发展战略* ——基于二元边际分析与产品内分工双重视角的实证研究

要素市场价格扭曲是我国“外向型”发展战略的重要特征。基于二元边际分析和产品内分工视角，本文研究了要素市场价格扭曲、产品内分工地位以及二者交互作用对我国企业出口的影响。研究发现，我国要素市场存在严重的负向扭曲，扭曲对于企业出口的扩展边际形成了制约作用，但对于企业出口的集约边际起到了促进作用。企业产品内分工地位的提高及其与要素价格扭曲的交互作用会显著促进扩展边际的增长，对集约边际的影响则不显著。新时期“外向型”发展战略有其合理性，前提是不断提高企业分工地位，而非继续依靠要素市场价格扭曲。

THE NEW EXTERNALLY-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AND ITS EXCEEDING OF FACTOR PRICE DISTORTIONS ERA——Empirical Analysis Based on Dual Margins and Intra-product Specification

For more than three decades when China had carried out external oriented development strategy，factor price distortions have represented one of most distinctive featuresThis paper，puts its analysis in the perspective of dual margins and intra product specification，explores what influence can be done by factor price distortions and the position in intra product specification to Chinese exporters，both respectively as well as jointlyThe results indicate that in Chinas factor markets there exist serious negative price distortions，by which exporters extensive margin was restrained while their intensive margin was stimulatedHowever，by escalating the positions in intra product specifications，and by its interaction with factor price distortions，one can stimulate the extensive margin significantly，while no significant influence can be found on the intensive marginThus the external oriented development strategy can still benefit China，as long as China discards factor price distortions and replaces them with favorable positions in intra product specifications