论美国国会与对外贸易法的制定与执行

在美国三权分立政体下,对外贸易法律的制定和执行是国会、总统交互作用的复杂过程。国会一方面通过授权总统扩大自由贸易;另一方面又建立完善的进口救济制度来平衡贸易保护主义的利益。国会还把相当的权力委托给国际贸易法院由其行使司法审查权,防止行政机关滥用授权。美国贸易政策的制订权往往是在行政部门和立法部门之间进行分配,法院通常奉行"司法克制"的态度,通常避免就国会和总统之间在对外政策领域的权力关系问题进行裁决。但其一旦决定介入,必然成为最终的决定性因素。

The U.S.Congress and the Formulation and Execution of the U.S.Trade Law

The Constitution of the United States of America grants a set of rights and responsibilities to each separate branch of government, including the U.S.Congress, the U.S.President, and the U.S.Supreme Court.The U.S.Constit ution induces that the formation and execution of the U.S.trade lawis also a complex process of interaction between the Congressand thePresident.Although theU.S.Constitution grantspower totheCongresstoregulatecommercewith foreign nations, it has to delegate power and authority to the Presid...