National science foundation experience with university-industry centers for scientific research and technological innovation (an analysis of issues, characteristics and criteria for their establishment)

Indications are that industry underinvests in innovation in terms of the ultimate benefits to the firm and society. Using N.S.F, experience as a basis, this article examines some of the issues that arise when government, the university, and industry interact in a cooperative cost sharing effort for stimulating technological innovation, as well as examining criteria and characteristics for establishing those university-industry partnerships that are most likely to succeed.