中国城市流动人口：特征及其检验

根据北京、沈阳、无锡、东莞和石家庄等 5城市流动人口的调查问卷 ,描述了中国城市流动人口的主要特征 ,并对有关结论进行了计量检验。实证结果表明 :在迁移距离上 ,我国远距离流动的人口远远多于近距离流动人口 ;在性别结构上 ,流动人口中男性的比例高于女性 ;在迁移动因上 ,2 0世纪 80年代初的流动人口中很大比例是婚姻迁入或随迁家属 ,到了 90年代以后 ,流动人口的很大比例是出于务工经商的原因 ;在教育回报上 ,流动人口的受教育年限每增加一年 ,小时工资就增加大约八个百分点 ;在工作经验回报上 ,流动人口的工作经验每增加一年 ,小时工资就增加大约五个百分点。

Migrants in the Cities of China: Characteristics and its Testing

According to survey on the migrants in five cities, this article describes the major characteristics of the migrants in cities of China and checks up relative conclusions through econometric methods. Consequently, it shows that, first, in terms of the migrant distance, long-distance migrants in China are much more than short-distance migrants. Second, regarding the gender structure, male migrants are more than female migrants. Third, as regards the causes of migration, in the early 1980s most of the migration is due to marriage or the move of family members. And in the 1990s, job-hunting and business-doing contribute more to most of the migration. Fourth, with regard to education return, the hourly wage will increase by 8% if the migrants receive one more year education. Fifth, in regard to work experience return, the hourly wage will increase by 5% if the migrants have one more year work experience.