改革开放以来我国外商直接投资的发展历程及现状特征分析

文章从总量特征、来源地特征、区位分布特征和产业流向特征等四个角度对我国外商直接投资(FDI)的发展历程及现状特征进行分析。研究结果发现:FDI在数量和规模上仍保持增长趋势,但整体上增长速度放缓;日本、新加坡、韩国、欧洲、美国及香港和台湾地区是我国大陆主要的FDI来源地,其中,香港一直是我国大陆最主要的外资来源地;我国FDI的区位分布不均衡,在区位格局上呈现显著的东中西梯度结构特征;从FDI的产业分布来看,尽管近几年流入工业行业的FDI比重呈下降趋势,但工业行业尤其是制造业仍是FDI的主要领域。

Analysis of China foreign direct investment's development experience and present characteristics after reform and opening

The paper analyzes the development process and characteristics of the present situation of China＇s FDI from four aspects including characteristics of total quantity, origin, regional distribution and industry flow. The results indicate that FDI keeps growth trend in the number and size, but as a whole the growth speed is slow; Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Europe and the United States are major origins of our country＇s FDI, among them, Hong Kong has always been the main source of FDI in China; Uneven geographical distribution of FDI appears in our country, showing a significant characteristic of east-center-west gradient structure in the geographical pattern; From the perspective of the industry distribution of FDI, although in recent years the proportion of FDI flowing into the industry is on the decline, the industry is still the main field of FDI, especially the manufacturing industry.