中国特色农产品优势区空间格局及区域特征分析

目的]探讨中国特色农产品优势区（简称“特优区”）空间分布格局，不仅可为特优区的布局规划及建设提供参考，更对依托特优区实现乡村振兴的战略制定具有启示意义。方法]文章以中国农业农村部公布的231个特色农产品优势区为例，运用ArcGIS空间分析法，采用OLS、SEM、SLM及GWR回归模型，对其空间分布格局及集聚度影响因素进行分析。结果]（1）特优区主要分布在胡焕庸线东南方向，且在行政区界线处数量较多、密度较高，集聚特征明显，但主导产业类型不同集中分布区域不同；（2）特优区所在地一般距离省界较近，海拔较低、地形坡度值小，人均耕地面积较少，劳动力资源不足，但当地市场消费潜力大；（3）不同特优区所在地的总耕地面积、水资源条件、路网密度等存在区域差异，不具有共性特征。结论]资源规模并非影响特优区发展的必要条件，地理环境和消费市场可能更为重要。最后得出关于特优区建设与发展的启示。

ANALYSIS ON SPATIAL PATTERN AND REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUPERIORITY AREAS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WITH SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN CHINA

This research aims to explore the spatial distribution pattern of superiority areas of agricultural products with special characteristic in China, so as to provide reference to its layout planning and construction and the strategic formulation of the rural revitalization project relying on superiority areas of agricultural products with special characteristic. Using 231 superiority areas of agricultural products with special characteristic published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, the spatial distribution pattern and influencing factors of agglomeration degree were analyzed by adopting ArcGIS spatial analysis methods, including OLS, SEM, SLM as well as GWR regression models. The results were indicated as follows. (1) Superiority areas of agricultural products with special characteristic were mainly distributed in the southeast of Hu Line, where there was a large number and high density of administrative units, having obvious regional agglomeration. Meanwhile, in the area, there presented different types of leading industries at different concentrated distribution areas. (2) The location of superiority areas was generally close to the provincial boundary, with low altitude, terrain slope, less per capita arable land area, and insufficient labor resources, but large consumption potential in local market. (3) In different superiority areas, there were regional differences in total cultivated land area, water resources condition and road network density, which had no common characteristics between each other. In conclusion, the study indicates that the scale of resources is not the necessary condition to affect the development of superiority areas, moreover geographical environment and consumer market may be the more important one. The study will contribute for the enlightenment of the construction and development of the superiority areas.