交通信号灯与拍卖机制——对市场与制度关系的一个案例研究

肖特的交通博弈模型表明,当还不具备足够的技术条件有效降低交易成本的情况下,更为可行的制度可以成为价格机制的替代,然而其模型并不足以证明制度与市场价格机制的替代关系。现代技术条件使得十字路口价格机制的实现成为可能,因此也表明了制度与市场价格机制并非简单的替代关系。模型的发展演变反映了奥地利学派的自发市场秩序观更为具有解释力。

Traffic Lights and Auction: A Case Study on Market and Institutions

Schotter's intersection model indicates that institution is a substitution of price system in market without effective measure to reduce trade cost.However,this model can't validate this trade-off relationship between market and institution in general.An Agent-Based Traffc Control Using Auctions model can be applied to establish a price system in the intersection model,and acquire a more efficient solution.This case study substantiates the Hayek's self-spontaneous order theory and the market-process perspec...