双层嵌套多元旅游业态概念模型初步研究

旅游业态概念是中国旅游界将零售亚态概念运用到旅游发展实际和科学研究之中,具有一定的创新性.文章在剖析零售业态三种概念的基础上,分析其空间、服务、层级属性,系统阐述旅游业态适合、耦合、集合三重概念,分析其递进和统一关系,构建双层嵌套多元旅游业态概念模型.双层指旅游业态分为经营形态内层和旅游产品表层两个层次,嵌套指旅游业态经营形态内层与旅游产品外层存在耦合和相互作用关系；多元包括提供产品相同、经营形态一致的多个企业构成一种旅游小业态和多种相互关联的旅游小业态构成一种旅游大业态两个方面.利用该概念模型,有利于探索旅游业态创新途径、理解产业层级和加强企业运营管理.

A Preliminary Study on the Conceptual Model of Multiple-double Layer-nested Tourism Business Pattern

The concept of tourism business pattern refers to the fact that the concept of retail business pattern is applied to the practice of tourism development and scientific studies among tourism academic circles,with certain sense of innovation.Based on the analysis of three concepts of retail business pattern,the paper discusses its attributes of space,service and level and further systematically elaborates the three progressive notions of adaption,coupling and aggregation and establishes multiple-double layer-nested tourism business pattern model.Multiple-double layer refers to the inner layer of operational form and two levels of tourism products.Layer-nested pattern refers to the coupling and interactive relationship between the inner layer of tourism business pattern operational form and outer layer of tourism products."Multiple" includes small tourism business pattern constructed by some enterprises which provide same products and similar operational forms and large tourism business pattern constructed by multi-interrelated small tourism business pattern.With this conceptual model,we can explore the new way of tourism business pattern and understand industrial levels and enhance the operation and management of enterprises.