论当代旅游发展理论的构建:理念、框架与要点

随着大众旅游初级阶段的到来,我国旅游业也相应进入了国家战略体系,加上旅游教育和人才培养层次的提升,基于中国学术立场和现实诉求的理论创新已是当务之急。在分析总结旅游发展阶段特征和当代旅游发展的核心价值取向的基础上,文章提出了当代旅游发展理论的核心观点:构建以旅游法为核心的国家意志体系,以旅游经济监测与预警为中心的宏观调控体系,以游客满意为导向的微观监管体系。

Contemporary Tourism Development: Concept, Framework and Highlights

Tourism has been incorporated into the national strategy in China since 2009 and tourism education and training has also been greatly improved in the past few years.However,scholarly investigation into the industry has lagged behind the industry development.Therefore,it is imperative to develop a framework that addresses the contemporary tourism development issues based on the theoretical and practical situation in China.This study,from the perspectives of development economics and industrial economics,suggests the core elements in developing a theoretical framework for contemporary tourism development in China.The paper is composed of three parts.The first part analyses the background for tourism theoretical innovation from the perspectives of China’s mass tourism characteristics and critical development issues emerged when tourism is predicted to be coming to a "golden age" while suffering from uneven unbalanced growth at the same time.The second part discusses the contemporary academic foundation and value orientation from a historical review of Chinese tourism academic development which comes to a conclusion that a fledgling Chinese tourism scientific community has been established.From the perspective of development economics,it is suggested that Chinese tourism development will be framed by a set of basic development issues: why tourism is highly promoted as a national strategic industry? What means may promote it? And how to develop what is a healthy sustainable tourism development in a sustainable manner? To move toward understanding of these questions,the third part covers analysis of contemporary Chinese tourism ethics,strategic development paths in details,and also key issues related to a sustainable Chinese tourism in the future are analyzed.As for the ethical dimension of tourism development,it is advocated that realization of "more public involvement,higher travel quality" is critical to the justification for tourism development in today’s China,which takes the social welfare wellbeing and civil right function of tourism as important as the economic function.Then some priority issues of contemporary tourism development are highlighted to illustrate the strategic path towards the "modern service industry and national strategic pillar industry" proposed by the State Council’s tourism development policy.On one hand,the market-based mechanism should be greatly improved to play the major role in tourism resource allocation to encourage more and more interest subjects on the market to satisfy a massive and diversified travel needs.On the other hand,institutional innovations are called for in areas such as market structure,industrial organization,research,training and educational system to accelerate technological innovation,industrial convergence and industrial competitiveness in tourism industry.Provisional measures to secure the above-mentioned enforcement of strategies include the construction enaction of tourism law to manifest the state’s will system,a macro-control system based on tourism industrial monitoring and early warning practice,and a micro-level supervision and regulation system oriented by tourists’ satisfaction evaluation.