性别收入差异及性别歧视的变化

性别歧视带来的性别收入差异一直备受关注。文章基于吉林省1990-2010年间三期妇女地位的调研数据分析了吉林省的性别工资差异问题,并运用Oaxaca-Blinder对性别收入差距进行了分解。文章对20年间吉林省的性别收入差异进行了横向和纵向的分析,实证研究得到如下结论:性别分割是我国劳动力市场上一直存在的一种现象,性别收入差距总体趋势在扩大;个体特征差异能够在一定程度上解释性别收入差异,现阶段性别收入差异在很大程度上是由于劳动者本身的人力资本水平引起的,是正常合理的范围;歧视仍然是造成性别收入差距的一个原因,女性在获得教育的机会上还是比男性要低,而且女性很难进入到高收入行业和职业,使得在教育方面女性仍然处于不利地位。但是经过20年的发展,对女性的歧视逐步减弱。

Gender Income Gap and the Changes of Gender Discrimination

Gender income gap has attracted a lot of attention. Based on Survey of the social status of Chinese women from 1990 to 2010 in Jilin Province, the article analysis the gender income gap by Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition. The article horizontally and longitudinally analysis the gender income gap from of 20 years in Jilin province , then the following conclusions are obtained：Gender segmentation exist in the labor market in our country and the gender income gap is expanding. The individual characteristic is an important cause of gender income gap. Discrimination is still an important cause of gender income gap. Gender income gap at present is mainly caused by the workers own human capital level, it is normal and reasonable, Discrimination is still an important cause of gender income gap. The Opportunity access to education of Women is lower than males, meanwhile, women are difficult to enter into the high income industry and occupation. Women are still at a disadvantage. However , Discrimination against women is gradually weakened during 20 years.