环境规制对比较优势的影响

在古典和新古典贸易理论中，一国的贸易模式取决于该国的比较优势。本文的研究结果表明，发达国家环境规制的严格化使得发展中国家重度污染密集型产业的比较优势得到相对的强化，而对中、轻度污染产业的影响则依据产业的不同而不同。文章还以我国纺织服装业为例作了进一步分析。最后，作者从环境规制的完善、产业结构调整及环境成本内在化几个方面提出了政策建议。

The Impact of Environmental Regulations on Comparative Advantage

Classical and neoclassical trade theory holds that a country＇s trade pattern depends on its comparative advantages. The result of our analyses indicates that the comparative advantages of intensive pollution - industry in developing countries are relatively consolidated owing to rigorous regulations of the developed countries. The article also illustrates the environmental regulations＇ effects on China with textile and clothing industry. Finally, the policies are put forward including perfection of environment regulations, composition adjustment of industries and internalization of environment cost.