如何理解社会主义初级阶段的分配制度

按劳分配、按要素分配是两种分配方式,它们是由公有制、私有制两种所有制决定的。社会主义初级阶段的分配制度,之所以以按劳分配为主,是因为公有制占主体地位;之所以还存在按要素分配,是因为存在处于补充地位的非公有制经济。不能把按月发放的工资看作是按劳分配,并把它在新创造价值中占"大头",解释为以按劳分配为主;也不能把财务制度中年终经济效益分配的具体做法,当作按要素分配的依据。脱离所有制,仅用经济生活的表面现象,去解释现行分配制度的性质,是不妥当的。

An Interpretation of the Distribution Regime for the Primary Phase of Socialism

Taking work or factor as the basis for distribution constitutes two distinctive ways in the form of the issue. They are related intrinsically to the public ownership and private ownership respectively. For the primary stage of socialism, the predominant public ownership dictates the former while the existence of private ownership as a necessary compliment calls for the later. Monthly delivered salary and its taking larger share of the added value in distribution is not necessarily work based distribution, nor is the annual allocation of economic income typical of financial treatment a factor based one. Basing interpretation of the nature of a distribution system only on its explicit feature without referring to its underlying ownership is bound to be misleading.