论汉代辞赋“诗源观”的形成及其原因

汉代辞赋“诗源观”的确立经历了在“讽谏”功能上比附于《诗》到用论《诗》的标准评论辞赋，再到“赋者，古诗之流也”的提出这样一个历程。究其原因，首先是汉代从帝王到士人的好赋风气需要寻求一个舍符儒家思想的理由；其次，汉代政治思想的大一统，儒家正统思想的确立为辞赋提供了《诗》之“讽谏”论；最后，作赋者身份由言语侍从向儒家学者的转变也使辞赋“诗源观”的确立具有一种自觉性。在“诗源观”确立的同时，更符合辞赋自身特点的娱情说也依然存在。然而从辞赋发展史来看，“诗源观”并非客观之论。

On Formation and Reasons of Idea That Fu Is Derived from Shi Jing

The setup of idea that Fu is derived from Shi Jing experienced a complicated course that firstly Fu is thought to have the same function of advising as the poem has, then the criterion on Shi Jing was be used to remark Fu, at last the idea was be puts forward by BAN Gu clearly. The reasons for this mainly are following three., firstly, both emperors and scholars enjoy Fu in Han Dynasty, which needs a reasonable pretext that accords with the Confucianism, secondly the unification of politics and ideology in Han Dynasty and the setup of Confucianism provided the view of advising often used in remarking Shi Jing, finally the writers of Fu changed their positions from attendants to Confucian, thus they wanted to give Fu lofty status. Meanwhile the idea that Fu is caused by the demands of entertainment is still alive in Han Dynasty. However according to the developing history of Fu and Ci, the idea that Fu is derived from Shi Jing is not an impersonal conclusion.