屈辞“悬圃”再探讨

《离骚》“朝发轫于苍梧兮，夕余至乎县圃”与《天问》“昆仑县圃，其尻安在”句，俱涉“悬囿”。“县”、“悬”为古今字，意为“悬挂的花园”。“悬圃”在《楚辞》各版本及其他典籍中，与昆仑都有着紧密联系。典籍记载之“县圃”、“悬圃”与“玄圃”，其所指实同，但这并不是传统注疏家们所言之通假，而是由昆仑兼具黑色之文化意象所决定。“悬圃”初或借用两河流域古代之“空中花园”，由于花园具有通天功能，后借以描摹神话昆仑大山之通天高境。通过解析“悬圃”之文化意象，《天问》句当作“其尻”，而不作“其尻”。

Exploration of the Word ＂Xuan Pu＂ in Quyuan＇s Works

Abstract： the word Xuan Pu（悬圃） appears in two verses： ＂early morning, I set off from Cang Wu, in the evening, I reached Xian Pu（悬圃）＂ in Lisao（the Lament） and ＂Xian Pu of Kun Lun, where is it？＂ in Tian Wen（A Request to God）. Xian（县）and Xuan（悬） are two characters used in ancient and modern times respectively with the same meaning ＂to suspend＂. Therefore, Xian Pu literally means ＂suspended garden＂, which is closed related to Kun Lun in various versions of Chu Ci （The Songs of Chu） and other classics. The three words ＂县圃＂, ＂悬圃＂ and ＂玄圃＂ actually refer to one thing. Yet they are not phonetic loan words which were defined by some traditional exegesis researchers, but should be defined by the cultural image of Kun Lun. Xuan Pu（悬圃） was initially borrowed from Hanging Garden of Mesopotamia and was used to describe the towering grandness of the Babel-like Kun Lun Mountain. Based on the analysis of the cultural image of Xuan Pu, the word in the above mentioned verse in Tian Wen should be ＂Qi Kao（其尻）＂, not ＂Qi Ju（其凥）＂.