基于主客视角的苏南传统村落旅游地乡愁的时间特征

“记得住乡愁”是乡村旅游和乡村振兴的重要内容。本文基于居民和游客视角,以苏南传统村落为案例地,探讨乡愁的时间特征。结果表明：（1）乡愁主体方面：相对暂居村落的外来人口,三代以上的世代居民对家乡乡愁情感更加强烈;出生在1950—1959和1960—1978年间的这两代游客较多成长在乡村,乡愁文化感知相对更高;离开家乡在外工作生活时间越长的游客在传统村落旅游时,其乡愁情感和乡愁记忆比起未离开家乡或离开家乡较短的人更加强烈。（2）乡愁触点方面：触发居民和游客乡愁的季节集中在秋天和冬天,天气集中在下雨和落雪时,时辰集中在深夜和傍晚时,节庆集中在春节、中秋节、清明节和家乡特有节日,假日主要集中在周末、寒假和“十一”国庆假期。（3）乡愁记忆方面：主客乡愁记忆都主要集中在童年,其次是青少年,最后是成年和老年;游客产生乡愁的频率比居民频率相对高。（4）乡愁载体回忆顺序：主客乡愁载体都会提到“家”和“乡”相关场所和空间,其回忆的顺序是家人、家、家乡和国家。文章最后总结了乡愁旅游开发的启示。

The temporal characteristics of xiangchou in traditional village tourism destinations from perspectives of residents and tourists in southern Jiangsu

“Remembering xiangchou” is important for rural tourism and rural revitalization. From the perspectives of residents and tourists, this study explores the temporal characteristics of xiangchou in traditional villages in southern Jiangsu Province. The results show that :(1) In terms of the subject of xiangchou, compared with the migrant population who temporarily live in the village, residents who have lived in the village for more than three generations have stronger feelings for xiangchou. Tourists who were born during 1950—1959 and 1960—1978 grew up mainly in the countryside and have a higher sense of xiangchou. The longer the tourists lived and worked away from their hometown, the stronger the xiangchou feelings and memories were when they visited traditional villages than those who had not left their hometown or only had been away from their hometown for a short time. (2) In terms of the triggers of xiangchou, the seasons that trigger xiangchou of residents and tourists are mainly autumn and winter; the weathers that trigger xiangchou are raining and snowing; the hours that trigger xiangchou are late at night and evening; festivals that trigger xiangchou are Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Tomb-sweeping Day, and hometown special festivals; and holidays that trigger xiangchou are mainly weekends, winter breaks and National Day. (3) In terms of xiangchou memory, xiangchou memories of residents are in childhood the most, followed by adolescent period, and finally adulthood and old age. The frequency of tourists feel xiangchou is higher than that of residents. (4) The recall order of xiangchou carriers are family, home, hometown, and country. On this basis, the authors proposed some suggestions for the development of xiangchou tourism.