湖南省耕地资源利用安全综合评价与提升路径研究

研究目的:基于区域可持续发展综合视角,解析湖南省耕地资源利用演化时空过程,探究耕地利用合理区间,分析区域耕地利用存在的突出问题并形成针对性优化目标与路径。研究方法:最小人均耕地模型、改进生态足迹模型、行星边界框架。研究结果:(1)粮食安全视角下,湖南省耕地呈现“略有盈余,波动变化”特征,空间上表现为“东盈西亏,梯次变化”;(2)生态安全视角下,湖南省耕地利用总体处于较显著的赤字状态,生态赤字呈“由升转降”的波动变化过程,空间上呈现“西平东亏,中部优化”特征,中部粮食主产区耕地利用已远超行星边界范围;(3)湖南省耕地利用规模应控制在3.79×10⁶~4.23×10⁶ hm²。研究结论:湖南省耕地利用核心问题不在于数量不足,而突出表现为耕地利用程度减弱、粮食播种占比低且持续波动、耕地产出能力不足,其耕地利用质量亟待提升,利用结构亟需调整。分区分类调控是实现湖南省耕地科学可持续利用的核心路径。

Study on Comprehensive Evaluation and Promotion Path of Cultivated Land Resources Use Security in Hunan Province

The purposes of this paper are to analyze the spatiotemporal process of cultivated land resources use and explore the reasonable range of cultivated land use in Hunan Province based on the comprehensive perspective of food security and ecological security.The research methods of per capita minimum cultivated land area model,improved ecological footprint model and planetary boundary framework are employed.The results showed that:1)from the perspective of food security,the cultivated land in Hunan Province was characterized by“slight surplus and fluctuating change”,and it was spatially characterized by“surplus in the east and loss in the west”.2)From the perspective of ecological security,the cultivated land use in Hunan Province was in a significant deficit state,the ecological deficit showed a fluctuating process of“from rising to falling”,and the spatial characteristics were“overall deficit,balance in the west,loss in the east and optimization in the middle”.3)The safe operating space for cultivated land use in Hunan Province could be ranging from 3.79×10⁶ hm² to 4.23×10⁶ hm².In conclusion,the core problem of cultivated land use in Hunan Province is not the shortage of the amount,but the weakening of cultivated land use degree,the low proportion of grain sowing and the insufficient output capacity of cultivated land.Zoning and classification regulation is the core path to realize scientific and sustainable use of cultivated land in Hunan Province.