城市灾害应急预案基本要素探讨

目前,城市灾害管理正在逐渐受到各级政府的重视,为了有效地减轻城市灾害的损失,一些大中城市开始制定灾害应急预案.然而,在应该制定什么样的城市应急预案才能真正在救灾抢险中发挥最大作用等方面仍缺少必要的论证和探讨.文章从政府灾害应急救灾的基本程序入手,对城市灾害应急预案的基本要素进行了探讨,提出了城市灾害预测评价和防灾规划是制定城市灾害应急预案的基础,而灾害应急指挥系统、灾害情报体系、救灾抢险体系、应急医疗体系、应急避难体系和交通管理体系六大主要因素构成了城市灾害应急预案的基本要素.

Study on the basic element of urban disaster emergency plan

Now it is beginning to enact an emergency plan in the metropolis to reduce city damage effectively. But, the discussion of what kind of emergency plan is useful in the measures is still insufficient. The fundamental element of the emergency plan was pointed out by this thesis from the point of view of the fundamental process of the governmental correspondence. A damage assumption and an area disaster plan are the preconditions of the emergency plan. The fundamental element of the emergency plan is composed by an emergency command system, a disaster information system, an urgent help system, an emergency medical system, an emergency evacuation system and a traffic control system.