中国服务业增长的地区与部门特征

本文对中国服务业增长的地区与部门特征进行了实证分析,探讨了其中的影响因素.改革开放以来,中国服务业的发展速度是很快的,但与其他经济体相比,中国目前服务业存在着明显的"三低"现象,即服务业的增加值比重偏低、就业比重偏低和人均增加值偏低.中国服务业的发展具有鲜明的地区与部门非均衡特征.在影响目前中国服务业增长的诸因素中,人均GDP水平、城市化水平是最为重要的促进变量.因此,应继续推进城市化和市场化发展战略,缩小各地区服务业发展的差距和服务业各部门发展的差距,推动服务业全面均衡发展;促进服务业内部结构的调整与优化,注重服务业的集约化发展,使服务业的增长真正建立在劳动生产率的提高和技术进步的基础之上,增强服务业的产业整合力、经济牵引力和国际竞争力.

Regional and Sector Features of China's Service Development

This paper conducts a positive analysis of the regional and sector features of China's service development, and explores the factors affecting the service growth. Since the reform and opening-up, China's service industry has developed rapidly, but compared with other economies, there coexists a lower proportion of value-added, a lower proportion of employment and lower value-added per capita in China's service industry. The growth of China's service industry is characterized by unequivocal regional and sector disequilibrium. The level of GDP per capita and the level of urbanization are the main elements to promote the service growth. So, it is necessary to continue implementing the strategies of urbanization and marketization, and narrow the development gaps between different regions and different sectors, so as to promote the overall and balanced development of service. At the same time, we should adjust and optimize the internal structure in service, promote the intensive development based on the improved labor productivity and technical innovation, and enhance the industry-integrating power, economy-pulling power and international competitiveness of China' services.