京津冀地区乡村功能分区及振兴途径

基于面向高维数据的聚类方法开展乡村功能分区,有利于挖掘乡村功能与社会经济发展的内在联系,进而提出合理的乡村振兴途径。文章以京津冀地区为例,从经济发展、农产品生产、社会保障和生态保育及旅游服务4个维度构建乡村功能评价模型,基于各项功能指数分析其特征;借助gCLUTO软件实现功能聚类,综合考虑地理探测器的q统计量和分区计算成本确定最适宜的功能区,进而提出乡村振兴途径。结果表明:①经济发展对乡村功能的贡献和结构合理性存在较大的地域差异,是制约区域乡村功能发展的主要因素。②京津冀地区最佳的乡村功能聚类数为11,在以经济发展功能为指示变量的前提下,不同的聚类结果呈现出一定的相似一致性;根据主要贡献功能和区间差异特征,将京津冀地区划分为经济—生产、经济—社会保障、生态—社会保障、社会保障—生态、生产—社会保障(Ⅰ和Ⅱ类)、社会保障、农产品生产(Ⅰ和Ⅱ类)和生态—生产(Ⅰ和Ⅱ类)等11个功能区。③建议立足当前功能区的发展特征,遵循"优化优势功能、强化中等功能、改善薄弱功能"等思路分层次、分阶段确定功能区未来发展定位,促使乡村由局部振兴转为全面振兴。

Rural Function Zoning and Approaches for Rural Revitalization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

This study established a rural function evaluation model for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region with 16 indicators on four dimensions:economic development,production of agricultural products,social security and ecological conservation,and tourist service,and calculated these functional indexes.It also used the software gCLUTO and geodetector to determine the functional zones and put forth the path of rural revitalization based on their functional characteristics.The results reveal the following points:1)The contribution of economic development to rural functions and their structural rationality vary greatly from one region to another and are the main factors that restrict the regional development of rural functions.2)The optimal number of rural functional clusters in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is11.With the function of economic development being the indicator variable,the bar chart indicates a certain degree of cluster consistency.Based on the main contributing functions and regional differences and characteristics,this study divides the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region into 11 functional zones,including economy-production,economy-social security,ecology-social security,social security-ecology,production-social security(typeⅡ&Ⅱ),social security,production of agricultural products(typeⅡ&Ⅱ)and ecology-production(typeⅡ&Ⅱ).Such a division generally conforms with the regional development situation and can directly reflect the connections between each function and social and economic development factor,providing references for implementing the rural revitalization strategy on a deeper level.3)It is suggested to determine the future orientation of the functional zones level by level,step by step based on their current development features and following the thought of"optimizing advantageous functions,reinforcing medium ones and improving weak ones".In this way,we will move from local to comprehensive rural revitalization.