旅游开发对语言文化景观的影响效应研究--以西安为例

语言变化是衡量社会文化变迁与旅游开发之间关系的一个重要指标。本文在国内外相关研究进展综述的基础上，以西安为例，从文化地理学的角度，就旅游开发对目的地语言文化景观的影响效应进行了综合分析，并探讨了产生这些效应的原因和空间特征。研究发现。旅游开发导致了目的地当地方言的淡化，外来方言的渗入以及外语产生的影响，具体表现在：①土语景观萎缩，普通话景观扩张，形成新语言占据土语空间和两者并存的现象；②目的地语言景观曼趋多元化，空间上形成了以旅游区为主体的粤方言渗透区；③外语作为一种异质文化，与方言相互交融。形成中外语言景观并存，交互并用的格局。文章最后指出，经济上的巨大落差。构成了文化能量的累积差异。从而产生西方文化、粤文化等经济发达地区文化向旅游目的地的传播和影响。同时，旅游开发对目的地语言文化景观的影响表现出其独特的影响方向和空间特征。

A Study on the Impact of Tourism Development on Language Cultural Landscape--A Case Study of Xi'an

Language variance is an important index to judge the relationship between social,cultural vicissitudes and tourism development.Based on the related research both at home and abroad,this paper,taking Xi'an as an example,makes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of tourism development on language cultural landscape of tourist destinations from the perspective of cultural geography science and discusses the reasons that bring about these effects and spatial characteristics.The research finds that tourism development has resulted in the weakening of local dialects.The penetration of external dialects and their influences are manifested in:1.the landscape of local dialect decreases while the landscape of mandarine expands,giving birth to a new dialect.2.the language landscape in tourist destination becomes more diversified and a penetration area of Cantonese dialect has come into being around the tourism zone in space.3.as an exotic culture,foreign languages co-exist with local dialect so as to be used at the same time.The paper points out that the huge economic differences result in accumulating disparity in cultural energy,bringing forth the dissemination and influence of culture in economically developed areas(such as western culture and cantonese culture)towards tourist destinations.Meanwhile,tourism development has shown its unique influential direction and spatial characteristics under its influence on language landscape in tourist destinations.