互联网化对中国企业出口国内增加值提升的影响

本文大量研究讨论了企业出口增加值的影响因素。我们基于Melitz(2003)模型,对企业互联网化进行了扩展,认为随着企业互联网化程度的提高,企业会更多地使用国内中间投入。基于中国海关数据库、中国工业企业数据库以及新浪微博的数据匹配,研究表明:(1)从贸易方式来看,企业互联网化程度的提高有助于提升一般贸易企业的出口国内增加值率;(2)区分企业所有制、所在省域和企业出口持续时间,发现企业增强互联网化程度对提升国内中间投入使用的促进作用会因企业所有制、所在省域和参与全球生产网络稳定性的不同而异,互联网化对非国有企业、东部省份企业和持续出口企业的促进作用更加显著;(3)中介效应检验结果显示,企业互联网化主要通过提高国内中间投入的使用这一渠道提升了中国企业出口国内增加值率。据此,在数字经济背景下,企业通过加强自身业务同互联网的融合,提高了国内中间投入的使用,有助于提升本国企业出口竞争力。

The Impact of Internetization on the Increase of Chinese Domestic Value Added in Exports

A large number of studies have discussed the factors affecting the value added in exports.Based on the model of Melitz(2003),we introduce the internetization of enterprises for expansion,and find that with the increase in the degree of internetization,enterprises will use more domestic intermediate input.Based on the matching data of China Customs Database,China Industrial Enterprise Database and Sina Weibo data,our study shows that:(1)from the perspective of trade mode,a higher degree of internetization helps to increase the ratio of domestic value added in exports for ordinary trade enterprises.(2)By looking at the enterprises'ownership,provincial region and export duration,it is found that the internetization's effect on increasing the use of domestic intermediate input varies with the enterprise'ownership,provincial region and stability of participating in the global production network;this effect is more significant on non-state-owned enterprises,enterprises in eastern China and enterprises of sustainable export.(3)The results of the mediation effect test show that internetization mainly increases the ratio of Chinese domestic value added in exports by increasing the use of domestic intermediate input.Accordingly,in the digital economy,enterprises increase the use of domestic intermediate input by strengthening the integration of their own business with the Internet,which helps to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese exporters.