我国城镇居民收入分配的变动趋势:基于社会福利比较的视角

经济学研究的出发点是社会福利的最大化.通过不断放松社会福利函数的约束条件,依次应用洛伦茨优势比较、广义洛伦茨优势比较、均值一方差优势比较和社会福利指数比较等社会福利比较准则,对1985～2004年期间我国城镇居民收入分配变动状况进行比较和排列,研究结果表明:除在1987～1989年期间城镇居民收入分配状况存在轻微社会福利恶化外,居民收入分配的社会福利水平一直呈逐年上升趋势,且在大多数年份中社会福利存在帕累托改善,社会福利改善的成因是实际收入的增长足以补偿收入不平等的扩大.

Changes of Income Distribution for Urban Residents in China: Ranking by Social Welfare

Economic study is to maximize of social welfare.By relaxing incrementally the restraints of the social welfare function,this paper compares and ranks the income distribution of the Chinese urban residents during 1985-2004 through the applications of Lorenz dominance,generalized Lorenz dominance,Mean-Variance dominance and the social welfare index.The results show: the social welfare was worsened slightly only during 1987-1989,the social welfare of the Chinese urban income distribution has been growing,and the social welfare is a Pareto improvement in the most of these years,the improvement of social welfare comes from the growth of real income compensating for the expansion of income inequality.