中美科技“脱钩”下高新技术产品进出口贸易的影响因素分析——基于20个国家和地区贸易数据的引力模型

近年来,中美关系收紧,美对华科技领域的遏制行为愈演愈烈。美国不仅对华高技术出口采取一系列的管制措施,还对自中国进口的高新技术产品做加征关税的限制。基于此,对中国高新技术产品的进出口贸易特征做深入研究,研究结果发现,中国高新技术产品的进出口结构比较单一。在主要伙伴国进出口贸易数据的基础上,利用引力模型对影响高新技术产品进出口的因素做进一步的实证研究。结果显示：国家创新力和对外开放度的提升对高新技术产品的出口均具有促进作用;且增加高新技术产品的出口有助于改变中国在外贸上大而不强的现状,提升在全球价值链中的地位。

Influencing Factors of China''s High-tech Products Import and Export Trade: Data analysis of 20 countries and regions based on the trade gravity model

With the continuous escalation of Sino-US trade frictions, the crackdown of the United States in the field of science and technology against China is becoming more and more serious. The United States not only takes export control measures on high-tech exports to China, but also imposes tariff restrictions on high-tech products imported from China. An in-depth study on the import and export trade characteristics of China''s high-tech products was made. The results show that the import and export structure of China''s high-tech products is relatively single. The trade gravity model was used to make an empirical analysis of the factors that affect the import and export of high-tech products in China. The results show that the improvement of national innovation and opening-up can promote the export of high-tech products. Increasing the export of high-tech products will help to change the status quo that China is large but not strong in foreign trade and enhance its position in the global value chain.