Technology transfer in United States universities |
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Authors: | Bo Carlsson Ann-Charlotte Fridh |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Economics, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7206, USA (e-mail: bxc4@po.cwru.edu) , US;(2) Department of Industrial Economics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden (e-mail: annfr@lector.kth.se) , SE |
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Abstract: | This paper examines the role of offices of technology transfer (OTT) in 12 U.S. universities in 1998 in commercializing research
results in the form of patents, licenses, and start-ups of new companies. We study the organization and place of OTTs within
the university structure, the process of technology transfer, and the staffing and funding of the office. Data were collected
through a mail questionnaire followed up through telephone interviews. We also conducted a statistical analysis of data for
170 U.S. universities, hospitals, and research institutes for the period 1991–1996. Our findings suggest that technology transfer
from universities to the commercial sector needs to be understood in its broader context. The primary purpose of a technology
transfer program is for the university to assist its researchers in disseminating research results for the public good. Success
in this endeavor is only partially reflected in income generated for the university or the number of business start-ups. The
degree of success depends not only on the nature of the interface between the university and the business community but also
on the receptivity in the surrounding community as well as the culture, organization, and incentives within the universities
themselves. |
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Keywords: | : Technology transfer – Commercialization – Licensing – Patenting – Start-ups |
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