产业准入负面清单下国家重点生态功能区问题区域识别

识别问题区域是产业准入负面清单背景下国家重点生态功能区实现空间管控和区域治理的重要基础。文章利用国家重点生态功能区676个县级单元的第一产业比率、负面清单涉及农业的总频次及主导产业频次等指标,描述重点生态功能区的农业发展概况及其特征,采用一般指标识别和聚类分析方法识别重点生态功能区的问题区域,以期协调国家重点生态功能区环境保护与经济发展的关系。研究表明,水源涵养、水土保持、防风固沙、生物多样性等四类功能区的第一产业比重、农业及畜牧业占人均GDP比重均高于全国水平,防风固沙区与生物多样性维护区将面临更高的农业产业调整压力;四类生态功能区内的贫困县分布不均,生物多样性维护型与水土保持型地区须承受较高的扶贫压力,防风固沙功能区内的县级单位须采取更加差异化的政策,重点生态功能区建设应当整合横、纵向的政策与资源,推动政策协同及区域合作以实现高效空间治理。

Identifying Problematic Areas in the National Key Regions for Ecological Function Based on the Negative List of Industry Access

Identifying the problematic areas is an important foudation for implementing space control and regional governance in the national key regions for ecological function under the background of negative list of industry access.This paper measures indicators which are ratio of the primary industry in total GDP,frequency of agricultural productions and leading productions in total number of the negative list in 676 sample counties of China,and describes the agricultural development profile and characteristics of the state key ecological function regions.With methods of the general indicator identification and cluster analysis,the problematic areas of the national key function regions are identified for coordinating the relationship between environmental protection and economic development.Studies have testified that the ratio of the primary industries and the ratio of farming and animal husbandry in total GDP are higher than the national average in term of the water conservation function,soil and water conservation function,wind and sand fixation function and biodiversity conservation function.The areas of wind and sand fixation,and biodiversity conservation face heavy pressure in term of agricultural industry adjustment.The poverty-stricken counties are unevenly distributed in four categories of ecological function regions,and more attentions should be paid for poverty alleviation in the areas of water and soil conservation,and biodiversity conservation.Differentiation of policy intervention should be applied to the wind and sand control regions.This research provides foundation to develop a policy intervention with the elements of horizontal cooperation and vertical coordination,and promote policy coordination and regional cooperation to achieve efficient spatial governance.