农地城市流转前后农民福利变化研究——基于农民分化的视角

农地城市流转是土地资源要素在城市化进程中重新配置的必然过程。为探明异质化日益明显的农民群体的福利水平在此过程中是否发生了差异性变动,采用湖北省武汉市所辖6个远城区的问卷调查数据,运用模糊积分评价方法对纯农业生产者、半工半农者和经商兼农者等3种分化类型农民在农地城市流转前后的福利变动情况进行了实证研究。结果表明,农民整体福利水平在农地城市流转后略有上升;3种分化类型农民的福利水平均有所改善,但改善程度存在差异,改善幅度由大至小依次为经商兼农类农民、半工半农类农民和纯农业生产类农民;提升纯农业生产者和半工半农者这两个分化类型的福利水平是改善农民整体福利状况的关键;此外,影响这两类群体福利水平的因素集中在家庭经济状况、社会保障状况、心理感受以及环境条件4个方面。

On the Changes of Farmers'Welfare before and after the Rural-urban Land Conversion on the Basis of the Farmers'Differentiation

Rural‐urban land conversion is the essential process of relocating land resource in the course of urbanization .In order to know whether differential changes exist in the process of identifying the benefit of peasant group with improving heterogenization ,this paper conducts empirical research on the changes of various differentiated types of peasants'welfare before and after rural‐urban land conversion based on the questionnaire data of six suburban areas distant from Wuhan City in Hubei Province with fuzzy integral evaluation method .In accordance with the different income levels and structure ,mode of production and occupations ,farmers could be divided into three types :pure agricultural producers ,half labor and half peasant ,and peasant both in business and farming .The result shows that the overall welfare of the farmers in the survey region increase slightly after rural‐urban land conversion ;the welfare of three differentiated types has improved ,though at different degrees . The magnitudes of the improvement vary among the people both in business of farming ,the half‐labored peasants and pure agricultural producers .On account of the great proportion of pure agricultural producers and the half‐labored peasants ,improving welfare of these two differentiated types is crucial for perfecting the overall welfare of farmers .In addition ,factors affecting the welfare of these two types concentrated on family economic status ,social security status ,psychological feeling and environmental conditions .