城市化、生育政策与城乡收入差距——基于我国省级面板数据的经验研究

从内生增长和生育选择视角分析城市化、生育率和人力资本等因素对城乡收入差距的影响，并通过实证模型检验相关推论。研究发现：（1）推进城市化进程有助于缩小城乡收入差距；提高生育率会阻碍收入增长；农村生育率越高，城乡收入差距越大；生育政策提高了生育率对城乡收入差距影响的显著性。（2）城乡生育率差距越大，生育率差距变动对城乡收入差距变动的影响越小；城乡人均人力资本差距越大，城乡人力资本差距变动对城乡收入差距变动的影响越大；城市化水平越高的地区，城市化水平变动对城乡收入差距变动的影响越小。

Urbanization,fertility policy and income gap Empirical research based on Provincial Panel Data in China

From the endogenous growth and fertility selection perspective,we discussed how urbanization, fertility and human capital affected the income gap between urban and rural areas. And using the empirical model we examined the related deduction. We found that:(1)promoting the urbanization process helps to narrow the urban-rural income gap; increasing the fertility rate will hinder income growth; the higher the fertility rate, the greater the income gap between urban and rural areas; the fertility policy raised the significant of fertility onto income gap between urban and rural areas;(2) the greater the urban and rural fertility rate gap, the smaller the effect of fertility rate gap onto income gap between urban and rural; the greater the per capita human capital gap, the greater the effect of per capita human capital onto income gap between urban and rural; the higher the level of area, the smaller the effect of city level onto urban-rural income gap.