中国OFDI影响出口的质量效应与成本效应研究——基于异质性产品价格分解模型

基于异质性产品价格分解模型,运用联合国UN Comtrade 2003-2016年产品-目的国层面出口数据,考察中国OFDI影响本国出口的质量效应和成本效应。研究发现：中国OFDI显著提升了出口产品质量,并对出口产品成本产生降低作用。从目的国收入看,金融危机前,中国OFDI对出口质量的提升以及对出口产品成本的降低作用,主要通过对高收入和中高收入国家的投资实现;而金融危机后,则主要通过对中低收入国家的投资实现。从产品类型看,中国OFDI显著提高了差异性产品和中间产品的出口质量,并对两类产品的成本产生降低作用;但对同质性产品和最终产品,只对其出口产品成本存在显著降低作用,对出口质量的提升作用不显著。因此,以投资带动贸易仍然是推动中国外贸高质量发展的有效举措。

Quality Effect and Cost Effect Of China's OFDI On Export-A Research Based on Price Decomposition Model for Heterogeneous Products

Based on the decomposition of export price in heterogeneous product model, we estimate export quality and quality-adjusted price(export product cost) during the period of 2003-2016, and then we examine quality effect and cost effect of China's OFDI on export. The empirical results show that China's OFDI brings about a positive effect on export quality,a negative effect on product cost. Then we analyze heterogeneous influences and find that, before Financial Crisis, China's OFDI to countries with highest-level income improves export quality and reduces product cost; while after Financial Crisis, these effects above are realized by OFDI to countries with middle-low-level income. From types of products, we find that China's OFDI significantly improves export quality of heterogeneous goods & intermediates goods, and reduces product cost of them; while for homogeneous products & final products, OFDI only has a significant lowering effect on cost.