美国的环境管制影响分析

根据外部性理论,只有当实施环境管制政策的社会收益大于社会成本时,才意味着政府管制相对于市场缺失是更有效率的。因此,成本—收益分析可以作为评估管制政策效率的标准之一。20世纪70年代以来,美国最早在环境领域引入系统的成本—收益分析(管制影响分析),取得了较好的效果。借鉴并及早引进管制影响分析对于提高我国环境管制政策的制定和执行效果有重要意义。

Environmental Regulatory Impact Analyses in US

Based on the externality theory, only when the social benefit from environmental regulation over the social cost, that means government regulation is more efficient than the market failure. So cost-benefit analysis (CBA) can be used as one of the criterions in evaluation environmental regulation efficiency. Since 1970s, CBA was used in making and enforcing environmental regulation in USA. Introduce CBA to China could enhance the effects of environmental regulation.