交易效率、分工与农村贫困聚集效应——来自山地省份的证据

文章根据农村交易效率指标体系,使用来自31个省份的截面数据对我国农村综合交易效率与农村贫困聚集的关系进行实证分析。研究结果表明,农村综合交易效率省际间存在较大差距,山地省份农村综合交易效率明显比非山地省份低;在对农村综合交易效率的积累效果上,交易效率硬条件比软条件的作用更强;农村贫困人口地域分布存在较大差距,呈现出向山地省份聚集的趋势;农村综合交易效率对农村贫困聚集有显著影响,农村综合效率取值低的山地省份和农村贫困聚集程度高的山地省份高度重合。为提高农村综合交易效率,改善农村贫困聚集状态,缩小农村内部收入差距,应集中政策力量加快山地农村发展,改善农村贫困聚集状态,缩小农村内部收入差距;加大力量改善山地农村交易效率,特别是从硬件方面改善山地农村基础设施条件,加大山地农村固定投资份额;对于远离乡镇经济中心、生存条件恶劣的扶贫开发工作重点村,加大扶贫移民搬迁力度;在增加教育投入、指导剩余劳动力转移、减少政府对农村经济干涉等方面,加大力度改善山地农村交易效率软件。

On Transaction Efficiency,Labor Division and the Agglomeration of Rural Poverty based on Evidence from Mountainous Provinces

Based on the indicator system for rural poverty,adopting cross section data from different provinces,the authors estimate the relationship of rural integrated transaction efficiency by linear regression model.The results show that: the rural integrated transaction efficiency of mountainous provinces is obviously lower than that of non-mountainous provinces.The accumulation on rural integrated transaction efficiency from hard conditions is stronger than that from soft conditions.The rural integrated transaction efficiency has notable influence on agglomeration of rural poverty,and there is a high degree of coincidence between mountainous provinces which both possess lower rural integrated transaction efficiency and higher agglomeration of rural poverty.To improve rural integrated transaction efficiency,the current situation of agglomeration of poverty in rural areas and narrow the income gap,we should,first,accelerate the development of mountainous rural areas with the help of strengthening policy support;second,we should improve the condition of infrastructure and increase investment to mountainous rural areas;third,we should strengthen the removal of migrants from remote areas;and fourth,strengthen the improvement of transaction efficiency in rural areas in terms of software.