国家能力重塑与基础设施崛起——助推市场孵化的中国经验

基础设施是任何国家孵化市场所必须的先行资本,但并非所有国家都有能力为市场体系建设提供高质量的基础设施。文章首先从对市场主体的孵化、引导资本流动和促进市场体系纵深发展等方面总结基础设施对于市场孵化的普遍意义。然后以部分代表性国家为例,论证基础设施质量的差异主要来源于其国家能力的差异。最后在国家能力理论框架下,提出了中国从计划经济向市场经济转轨的"国家能力重塑"一般框架,辨析改革开放以来,以"学习能力、财政能力、法治能力"构成的三大国家能力具体的阶段性重塑过程,及其为中国市场孵化提供基础设施的成功实践。

The Reconstruction of State Capacity and the Rise of Infrastructure: Chinese Experience in Boosting Market Incubation

Infrastructure is the first capital necessary for any country to incubate the market, but not all countries have the ability to provide high-quality infrastructure for market system construction. Firstly, the general significance of infrastructure for market incubation was summarized from the aspects of incubation of market subjects, guiding capital flow and promoting the in-depth development of market system. Taking some representative countries as examples, it is proved that the difference of infrastructure quality mainly comes from the difference of national capacity. Then, under the framework of national capacity theory, the general framework of "national capacity reconstruction" of China's transition was put forward from planned economy to market economy, and analyzed the specific stage reconstruction process of three national capacities, which were composed of "learning capacity, financial capacity and legal capacity" since the reform and opening up, and the successful practice of providing infrastructure for China's market incubation.