经济特区竞争优势支撑的持续性产业升级——以深圳高新技术产业为例

文章尝试从竞争优势角度阐释中国经济特区40年持续性产业升级何以成功。文献梳理发现,从比较优势理论到竞争优势理论的演进,一定程度上解释了中国经济特区产业升级的路径和模式。文章结合开放型经济下经济特区产业发展的演进特征,构建依托生产要素、国际国内市场、产业和创新体系、特区文化等四个因素耦合作用的经济特区竞争优势"钻石模型"。其中,"特区文化"的引入是对波特竞争优势理论"钻石模型"最大的拓展。文章以深圳高新技术产业为例,分阶段考察了经济特区产业竞争优势的动态演化,并分析其构成要素驱动产业升级的耦合机制。

Continuous Industrial Upgrading Supported by the Competitive Advantage of the Special Economic Zone: Take an Example of the High-tech Industry in Shenzhen

The paper attempts to explain the success in continuous industrial upgrading of China's special economic zones from the perspective of competitive advantage in the past 40 years. It is founded that the evolution from comparative advantage to competitive advantage explains the path and mode of industrial upgrading in China's special economic zones by reviewing literatures. The paper constructs a "diamond model" on competitive advantage of special economic zone, which consists of production factors, international and domestic market, industry and innovation system, culture of special economic zone. The culture of special economic zone is the biggest innovation of "diamond model" compared with Porter's competitive advantage. Taking an example of the high-tech industry in Shenzhen, the paper investigates the dynamic evolution in the competitive advantage of the special economic zone in development stages, and analyzes the mechanism of the industrial upgrading drived by the four factors.